Na: Ndahiro Tom
Ku itariki ya 5 Mutarama 1989, i Kigali, hashinzwe ishyirahamwe umuntu yavuga ko ridasanzwe kubera abari abanyamuryango b’ibanze n’icyo ryashyiriweho. Iryo shyirahamwe ni ‘Association pour le développement intégré des Groupes Marginaux au Rwanda (ADIGMAR). Rikaba ari ishyirahamwe ryashyiriweho guharanira amajyambere y’amatsinda y’Abanyarwanda baheze inyuma.
Ba nyiri ishyirahamwe bavuze abo bantu bagomba kugobokwa mu by’umuco, imibereho myiza, ubukungu, ubumenyi n’ibindi ko ari “Impunyu, Abanyambo n’abandi bose batereranywe muri ibyo (Impunyu, les Abanyambo et d’autres personnes abandonnées sans soutien quelconque dans leur environnement).
Uwa mbere mu banyamuryango yari General Major Habyarimana Juvenal (akaba na Perezida wa Repubulika y’u Rwanda) uwa kabiri ni umugore we, Madame HABYARIMANA Agathe. Abandi ni Bwana Habimana Bonaventure wari Umunyamabanga mukuru w’ishyaka MRND ryategekaga u Rwanda, Docteur Casimir BIZIMUNGU wari Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga na Madame HABIMANA Gaudence NYIRASAFARI wari ukuriye Ubuyobozi bw’Ibijyanye n’Imibereho myiza mu bunyamabanga bukuru bwa MRND.
Harimo kandi na Musenyeri NSENGIYUMVA Vincent wa Arkidiyosezi ya Kigali, Musenyeri KALIBUSHI Wenceslas wa Diyosezi ya Nyundo, Musenyeri NSENGIYUMVA Thaddee wa Diyosezi ya Kabgayi, Musenyeri NTIHINYURWA Thaddee wa Diyosezi ya Cyangugu, na Musenyeri RUZINDANA Joseph wa Diyosezi ya Byumba.
Mu bandi babaye abanyamuryango ku ikubitiro ishyirahamwe rishingwa, ni Bwana ZIGIRANYIRAZO Protais wari Perefe wa Ruhengeri, Mademoiselle NYIRAMUTARAMBIRWA Felicula wari Umudepite, Dr. NAHIMANA Ferdinand, Bwana MUSHYANDI Joseph, Musenyeri KAYINAMURA Theresphore, Padiri NDEKEZI Sylvestre na Bwana HABIMANA Sylvere.
Dr. Casimir BIZIMUNGU bamugize Perezida w’ishyirahamwe;Visi-Perezida aba Myr. Vincent NSENGIYUMVA; Monsieur HABIMANA Sylvere aba Umunyamabanga naho Mademoiselle NYIRAMUTARAMBIRWA Felicula ari Umubitsi.
Amayeri, Igwingira na Jenoside
Abanyamuryango b’iri shyirahamwe bari mu byiciro bitatu bikomeye. Icyiciro cya mbere ni abari abayobozi bakuru, batagombaga kuba bari mu ishyirahamwe nk’iri ryaje rifite inshingano zagakozwe na Leta. Abo ni nk’uwari Perezida Habyarimana wari na Fondateri w’ishyaka rye MRND, Habimana Bonavanture Umunyamabanga wa MRND igihe kinini ku buryo bari baramutaziriye MUVOMA, kimwe na Gaudence Nyirasafari wari ushinzwe iby’imibereho myiza muri MUVOMA. Hakaba na Myr. Vincent Nsengiyumva nawe wari ukomeye muri Kiliziya Gatolika no mu kazu. Uko ari bane bari muri Komite Nyobozi ya MRND, kandi bikavugwa ko abari muri iyo Komite bari bafite imbaraga n’ububasha biruta iby’Abaminisitiri.
Abandi nashyira muri iki cyiciro ni abari abanyapolitiki nka Dr. Bizimungu, Depite Nyiramutarambirwa waje gupfa cyangwa kwicwa muri uwo mwaka. Undi ni Zigiranyirazo wari umaze imyaka 15 ategeka Perefegitura ya Ruhengeri ariko akaba yari azwi ko ari mu bantu bashyirishagaho cyangwa bagakuzaho abategetsi mu gihugu.
Ntibyumvikana uburyo abayobozi b’igihugu bakaba n’abayobozi b’ishyaka rimwe rukumbi ryayoboraga u Rwanda, bashakira igisubizo kibareba mu ishyirahamwe. Gusigara inyuma kw’Impunyu cyangwa Abanyambo, n’ubuke bwabo, nta kuntu bitari kujya mu igenamigambi rya leta ngo hashyirweho ingamba n’ingengo y’imari yo kubikora.
Kuba bitarakozwe ahubwo hagashyirwaho ishyirahamwe nka ririya, ni uko hari hari ikindi kibyihishe inyuma. Muri ibyo bitavugwa, uretse igwingira ry’imitekerereze n’imyumvire y’abategetsi b’icyo gihe bwari uburyo bwo gushaka amafaranga azakora ibindi bidakozwe mu mucyo.
Icyiciro cya kabiri ni icy’abandi basenyeri batari Arkiyepiskopi Nsengiyumva. Urebye umubare wabo, hari habuzemo Abasenyeri ba Diyosezi za Butare, Ruhengeri na Kibungo. Mu bari mu ishyirahamwe ADIGMAR, uretse Myr. Kalibushi, abandi bari abayoboke beza ba MRND. Habyarimana yabiyumvagamo, ariko anabashakamo amaboko yo kuzakora byinshi by’amahano ukurikije abandi yashyizemo.
Bamwe muri abo basenyeri, batatu muri bo (uwa Kabgayi, Cyangugu na Byumba) baje kujya mu cyiswe ‘Comite de Contact’ yashyiriweho kuba umuzindaro wa Habyarimana mu gihe cy’Intambara. Ni nayo mpamvu usangamo n’abandi bayobozi gatolika babiri ntihabemo n’umwe wo mu yandi madini.
Ikindi cyiciro, ni icyo usangamo abacurabwenge ba Jenoside barimo Ferdinand Nahimana na Joseph Mushyandi. Icyo gihe Nahimana yari umwalimu muri Kaminuza y’u Rwanda, akaza guhabwa kuyobora Ibiro by’igihugu by’itangazamakuru (ORINFOR) ngo akwize urwango.
Uyu Mushyandi wigeze gukora muri Banki ya Kigali (BK) no muri Minisiteri y’Imari, ni umunyamategeko ukomoka muri Masango aho yanigeze kuba umuyobozi wa MRND. Soma aha urebe uburyo ari inshuti ya Sekibi. Undi mubacurabwenge wa Jenoside ni Agathe Kanziga uvugwa ko yari umuhuzabikorwa w’AKAZU.
Uko ari batatu bagize uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, ari mbere, mu gihe yakorwaga na nyuma yo guhagarikwa. Nyuma y’iri shyirahamwe nibwo hapfuye/hishwe Depite Nyiramutarambirwa, Dr. Francois Muganza na Padiri Sylivio Sindambiwe. Mu bari kugira icyo bavuga, abenshi kandi bahagarariye abandi bari mu ishyirahamwe ritumvikana. Na Padiri Sindambiwe aterwa amazirantoki nta muyobozi we wigeze azamura ijwi ribyamagana.
Perezida w’igihugu mu Ishyirahamwe
Ahandi uretse mu Rwanda rwa Habyarimana, ntibyoroshye kubona umukuru w’igihugu n’abandi bayobozi bajya mu mashyirahamwe abatesha agaciro. Mu Rwanda rw’icyo gihe kugeza kuri Jenoside, byarakozwe ku buryo no mu ishyirahamwe nka Radio RTLM, umukuru w’igihugu n’abandi bayobozi bakuru ba gisiviri na gisirikare babaye abanyamuryango bayo.
Mu banyamuryango ba ADIGMAR, Juvenal Habyarimana na Ferdinand Nahimana, babaye abanyamuryango b’ibanze ba RTLM. Nahimana we yari mu bantu batatu batanga umurongo w’ibiganiro bikangurira abantu gukora icyaha.
Mperutse guha abasomyi urutonde rw’abanyamuryango b’ibanze ba RTLM. Ariko, hari n’inyandiko nashoje mvuga ko uvuze RTLM, umuntu akwiye kumva ko ari kimwe na Jenoside. Ndanahamya ko RTLM na FDU-Inkingi ari bimwe.
Navuze ko kuba hari abanyarwanda nka babiri bitandukanije nayo bakarwanya ingengabitekerezo yayo ari ibintu bifite agaciro mu buzima bw’igihugu n’amateka. Abo bantu ni Christophe Bazivamo na Boniface Rucagu. Bombi n’abayobozi muri FPR-Inkotanyi.
Nagize umwanya wo kuganira nabo uko batanze umugabane muri RTLM ariko ntibakomeze mu murongo wayo. Barabinsobanuriye uko hazaga abantu bakabumvisha ko ari ngombwa kujyamo nyuma babona ibivugirwa muri iyo radio bakagenda biguru ntege kugeza irundutse. Urebye abari bayirimo, ntawabashaga kwivanamo atagize impungenge zo kubizira.
Boniface Rucagu yambwiye uko bamwinjijemo bamwemeza ko ari radiyo y’ubucuruzi kandi izunguka. Igikorwa cyo kuyitangiza cyabereye mu Rugwiro muri Perezidansi. Ibyo byatumye aba muri mirongo itanu ba mbere bayigiyemo. Nyuma y’igihe gito yahuye na Ferdinand Nahimana amubwira umugambi nyawo wa RTLM, ko ari uguhangana no kumvisha Abatutsi n’Inkotanyi. Rucagu ati, “nyuma y’aho iyo radiyo itangiriye namenye icyo yambwiraga”.
Ishusho nyayo ya RTLM uyibonera mu mazina y’abagize uruhare muri Jenoside n’abagikomeje ingengabitekerezo yayo. Iyo ushaka kumenya abagize uruhare muri Jenoside, ari ukuyitegura kuyikora no kuyihakana, aha mbere ugomba gushakira ni ku rutonde rw’abanyamigabane b’ibanze ba RTLM.
Uwo utabonyemo muri urwo rutonde ntumubone no ku rutonde rw’abatoza n’abanyeshuri b’ingengabitekerezo ya Jenoside, umushakira mu bajyanywe i Arusha muri Tanzaniya cyangwa ababuranishirijwe mu Rwanda no mu yandi mahanga. Ahandi ugomba kubabona kandi hose ni ku bantu bayoboye MRND, CDR n’ababashamikiyeho, RDR n’ibyayishibutseho birimo FDU-Inkingi na FDLR.
Na Sylvestre Mudacumura abanyekongo baherutse kwivugana, ku itariki ya 18 Nzeri 2019, nawe ari mubatanze imigabane ya mbere muri RTLM. Uyu akaba ari mu bantu bateguye bagakora Jenoside. Benshi muri aba biyita opozisiyo, n’ababashyigikira ntawibuka amateka y’abayobozi bagiye mu mashyirahamwe asenya.
Iby’igwingira biracyaza…
umuvugizi 